{
 "title": "FDA List of Established Drug Names Recommended to Use Tall Man Lettering (TML)",
 "publisher": "US Food and Drug Administration, FDA Name Differentiation Project",
 "sourceUrl": "https://www.fda.gov/drugs/medication-errors-related-cder-regulated-drug-products/fda-name-differentiation-project",
 "archiveUrl": "http://web.archive.org/web/20260918212109/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/medication-errors-related-cder-regulated-drug-products/fda-name-differentiation-project",
 "snapshotTimestamp": "2026-09-18T21:21:09Z",
 "fetchedDate": "2026-09-25",
 "rowCount": 21,
 "singleRowCount": 2,
 "tableRowCount": 23,
 "note": "sets holds every row of the FDA table that names two or more look-alike names; singles holds the rows that name one medicine on its own, without its look-alike partner. Established names are lower-cased; tallMan is the FDA spelling exactly as written. The FDA text is a US government work. Names only.",
 "fdaText": {
  "whatItIs": "Tall man lettering (TML) is a technique that uses uppercase lettering to help differentiate look-alike drug names. Starting on the left side of a drug name, TML highlights the differences between similar drug names by capitalizing dissimilar letters (e.g., vinBLAStine versus vinCRIStine and CISplatin versus CARBOplatin). TML can be used along with color or bolding to draw attention to the dissimilarities between look-alike drug names, and alert healthcare providers that the drug name can be confused with another drug name.",
  "project": "In 2001, FDA initiated the name differentiation project to continually evaluate postmarketing reports of name pair confusion, and determine if TML should be used to help differentiate similar established names.",
  "labels": "If FDA’s evaluation determines TML is an appropriate approach to address reports of name confusion, FDA will request the manufacturer voluntarily revise their labels and labeling to use TML, and then update the FDA List of Established Drug Names Recommended to Use Tall Man Lettering."
 },
 "sets": [
  {
   "id": "acetohexamide-acetazolamide",
   "fdaRow": 1,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "acetohexamide",
     "tallMan": "acetoHEXAMIDE"
    },
    {
     "established": "acetazolamide",
     "tallMan": "acetaZOLAMIDE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "bupropion-buspirone",
   "fdaRow": 2,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "bupropion",
     "tallMan": "buPROPion"
    },
    {
     "established": "buspirone",
     "tallMan": "busPIRone"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "chlorpromazine-chlorpropamide",
   "fdaRow": 3,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "chlorpromazine",
     "tallMan": "chlorproMAZINE"
    },
    {
     "established": "chlorpropamide",
     "tallMan": "chlorproPAMIDE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "cisplatin-carboplatin",
   "fdaRow": 4,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "cisplatin",
     "tallMan": "CISplatin"
    },
    {
     "established": "carboplatin",
     "tallMan": "CARBOplatin"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "clomiphene-clomipramine",
   "fdaRow": 5,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "clomiphene",
     "tallMan": "clomiPHENE"
    },
    {
     "established": "clomipramine",
     "tallMan": "clomiPRAMINE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "cyclosporine-cycloserine",
   "fdaRow": 6,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "cyclosporine",
     "tallMan": "cycloSPORINE"
    },
    {
     "established": "cycloserine",
     "tallMan": "cycloSERINE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "daunorubicin-doxorubicin",
   "fdaRow": 7,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "daunorubicin",
     "tallMan": "DAUNOrubicin"
    },
    {
     "established": "doxorubicin",
     "tallMan": "DOXOrubicin"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "dimenhydrinate-diphenhydramine",
   "fdaRow": 8,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "dimenhydrinate",
     "tallMan": "dimenhyDRINATE"
    },
    {
     "established": "diphenhydramine",
     "tallMan": "diphenhydrAMINE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "dobutamine-dopamine",
   "fdaRow": 9,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "dobutamine",
     "tallMan": "DOBUTamine"
    },
    {
     "established": "dopamine",
     "tallMan": "DOPamine"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "glipizide-glyburide",
   "fdaRow": 10,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "glipizide",
     "tallMan": "glipiZIDE"
    },
    {
     "established": "glyburide",
     "tallMan": "glyBURIDE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "hydralazine-hydroxyzine",
   "fdaRow": 11,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "hydralazine",
     "tallMan": "hydrALAZINE"
    },
    {
     "established": "hydroxyzine",
     "tallMan": "hydrOXYzine"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "medroxyprogesterone-methylprednisolone-methyltestosterone",
   "fdaRow": 13,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "medroxyprogesterone",
     "tallMan": "medroxyPROGESTERone"
    },
    {
     "established": "methylprednisolone",
     "tallMan": "methylPREDNISolone"
    },
    {
     "established": "methyltestosterone",
     "tallMan": "methylTESTOSTERone"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "methylprednisolone-methyltestosterone",
   "fdaRow": 14,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "methylprednisolone",
     "tallMan": "methylPREDNISolone"
    },
    {
     "established": "methyltestosterone",
     "tallMan": "methylTESTOSTERone"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "migalastat-miglustat",
   "fdaRow": 15,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "migalastat",
     "tallMan": "migALAstat"
    },
    {
     "established": "miglustat",
     "tallMan": "migLUstat"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "nicardipine-nifedipine",
   "fdaRow": 17,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "nicardipine",
     "tallMan": "niCARdipine"
    },
    {
     "established": "nifedipine",
     "tallMan": "NIFEdipine"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "prednisone-prednisolone",
   "fdaRow": 18,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "prednisone",
     "tallMan": "predniSONE"
    },
    {
     "established": "prednisolone",
     "tallMan": "prednisoLONE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "risperidone-ropinirole",
   "fdaRow": 19,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "risperidone",
     "tallMan": "risperiDONE"
    },
    {
     "established": "ropinirole",
     "tallMan": "rOPINIRole"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "sulfadiazine-sulfisoxazole",
   "fdaRow": 20,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "sulfadiazine",
     "tallMan": "sulfADIAZINE"
    },
    {
     "established": "sulfisoxazole",
     "tallMan": "sulfiSOXAZOLE"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "tolazamide-tolbutamide",
   "fdaRow": 21,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "tolazamide",
     "tallMan": "TOLAZamide"
    },
    {
     "established": "tolbutamide",
     "tallMan": "TOLBUTamide"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "trazodone-tramadol",
   "fdaRow": 22,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "trazodone",
     "tallMan": "traZODone"
    },
    {
     "established": "tramadol",
     "tallMan": "traMADol"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "vinblastine-vincristine",
   "fdaRow": 23,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "vinblastine",
     "tallMan": "vinBLAStine"
    },
    {
     "established": "vincristine",
     "tallMan": "vinCRIStine"
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "singles": [
  {
   "id": "hydromorphone",
   "fdaRow": 12,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "hydromorphone",
     "tallMan": "HYDROmorphone"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "mitoxantrone",
   "fdaRow": 16,
   "names": [
    {
     "established": "mitoxantrone",
     "tallMan": "mitoXANTRONE"
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}